Pantea Lotfian PhD, Camrosh Ltd.
Donald Rumsfeld, when serving as secretary of defence under G.W. Bush , famously said:
“There are known knowns. These are things we know that we know. There are known unknowns. That is to say, there are things that we know we don’t know. But there are also unknown unknowns. There are things we don’t know we don’t know”.
In the documentary by Eroll Morris, 2013, titled the “Unknown Known”, about Donald Rumsfeld and his years in office, there is another part to this famous quote, that Rumsfeld added when interviewed during the making of the documentary. This may be the result of the years of contemplation and hindsight. He adds, when discussing his own quote that there are also:
“…Unknown Knowns, that is to say things that you think you know, that turn out you did not”. [Read more…]